By Ibn Khaldun, the Formatıon of Knowledge and Intellect

Abstract

Islamic philosopher Ibn Khaldun who lived in XIV. century thinks that God made man who through reason superior to other beings to universe. According to him, reason is the ability to bring man to the higher level of humanity. Ibn Khaldun, who was also influenced by the views of his previous Islamic philosophers on the functioning of the mind has shown them a different and quite unique approach calling the intelligent mind, the experiential and the intellectual mind in the process of producing information. Ibn Khaldûn states that people don’t bring in information from nature and that they obtain information later on by means of through understanding. According to him, the person who comes to the world with his / her learning ability starts to learn something by interacting with the environment. With this thought, Ibn Khaldun presents, in some views in accordance with some of the verses in the Qur'an and Islamic philosophers such as al-Farabi and Avicenna. Ibn Khaldun, who sees sensory and mental data reasoning as information sources in the process of learning and getting knowledge doesn’t accept that the truths of supernatural spiritual beings can only be comprehended by the ability of people to know. According to him, it is not possible to obtain true knowledge in this world by manipulating with Agent Intellect. There is a limit beyond rational can not pass beyond and human knowledge can not reach true knowledge through philosophical perceptions.